Integrand size = 20, antiderivative size = 342 \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\frac {x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {b x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{\sqrt {c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} b \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{c^{3/4} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{2 \left (b-2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}\right ) c^{3/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \]
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Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 342, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 4, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.200, Rules used = {1134, 1211, 1117, 1209} \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} b \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{c^{3/4} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{2 c^{3/4} \left (b-2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {b x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{\sqrt {c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \]
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Rule 1117
Rule 1134
Rule 1209
Rule 1211
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}+\frac {\int \frac {2 a+b x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{-b^2+4 a c} \\ & = \frac {x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt {a} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{\left (b-2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}\right ) \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} b\right ) \int \frac {1-\frac {\sqrt {c} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt {c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )} \\ & = \frac {x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {b x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{\sqrt {c} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} b \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{c^{3/4} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{2 \left (b-2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}\right ) c^{3/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 10.57 (sec) , antiderivative size = 452, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.32 \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\frac {4 c \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x \left (2 a+b x^2\right )-i b \left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {\frac {2 b-2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} E\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )+i \left (-b^2+4 a c+b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {\frac {2 b-2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right ),\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{4 c \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \]
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Time = 1.01 (sec) , antiderivative size = 450, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.32
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {2 c \left (\frac {b \,x^{3}}{2 c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}+\frac {a x}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (x^{4}+\frac {b \,x^{2}}{c}+\frac {a}{c}\right ) c}}+\frac {a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{2 \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}-\frac {b a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) | \(450\) |
elliptic | \(-\frac {2 c \left (\frac {b \,x^{3}}{2 c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}+\frac {a x}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (x^{4}+\frac {b \,x^{2}}{c}+\frac {a}{c}\right ) c}}+\frac {a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{2 \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}-\frac {b a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) | \(450\) |
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Time = 0.10 (sec) , antiderivative size = 449, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.31 \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{2} c x^{4} + b^{3} x^{2} + a b^{2} - {\left (a b c x^{4} + a b^{2} x^{2} + a^{2} b\right )} \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}}\right )} \sqrt {a} \sqrt {\frac {a \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - b}{a}} E(\arcsin \left (\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} x \sqrt {\frac {a \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - b}{a}}\right )\,|\,\frac {a b \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} + b^{2} - 2 \, a c}{2 \, a c}) - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left ({\left (2 \, a b + b^{2}\right )} c x^{4} + 2 \, a^{2} b + a b^{2} + {\left (2 \, a b^{2} + b^{3}\right )} x^{2} + {\left ({\left (2 \, a^{2} - a b\right )} c x^{4} + 2 \, a^{3} - a^{2} b + {\left (2 \, a^{2} b - a b^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}}\right )} \sqrt {a} \sqrt {\frac {a \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - b}{a}} F(\arcsin \left (\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} x \sqrt {\frac {a \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} - b}{a}}\right )\,|\,\frac {a b \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{a^{2}}} + b^{2} - 2 \, a c}{2 \, a c}) - 2 \, {\left (a b c x^{3} + 2 \, a^{2} c x\right )} \sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}{2 \, {\left (a^{2} b^{2} c - 4 \, a^{3} c^{2} + {\left (a b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a^{2} c^{3}\right )} x^{4} + {\left (a b^{3} c - 4 \, a^{2} b c^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int \frac {x^{4}}{\left (a + b x^{2} + c x^{4}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x^{4}}{{\left (c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}}} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x^{4}}{{\left (c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}}} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^{3/2}} \, dx=\int \frac {x^4}{{\left (c\,x^4+b\,x^2+a\right )}^{3/2}} \,d x \]
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